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William Madison Randall Library

Information Gathering Techniques


Invisible College
Citation Cycling
Index and Abstract Databases
The Internet
Recognizing the inherent benefits and disadvantages to the various methods that involve finding information can influence the outcome of any research project. Included below are a selection of common techniques used to find information along with a description of their advantages and shortcomings.

"Invisible College" -information is shared among colleagues and other experts in the field.

Advantages

Disadvantages

  • Instructors or colleagues are the experts and know other experts.
  • Age and experience of the expert.
  • Expert's knowledge may be limited to a specific field of study.
  • Dependent upon the expert's attention to keeping up with the literature and developments within the field(s).
  • Age and experience of expert.
Citation "Cycling" - using bibliographies in articles, books, etc.
  • Use article's references to see what other discussions have been published on topic.
  • Finding other author's who are experts on the subject.
  • Only goes backward in time.
  • Dependent upon quality of article for comprehensiveness in citing literature.
Index and Abstract Databases
  • Good for seeing how much information is available on the topic.
  • Powerful, comprehensive searching techniques.
  • Must know how to use the databases.
  • Databases may only index certain subject areas, and particular types of material (i.g. journal articles and books).
  • Databases are machines and don't understand thoughts (i.e. not what the user means, only what the user types).
The Internet
  • Expanded opportunities for sharing and accessing information.
  • Increased social and technological interactivity.
  • Poor indexing techniques, but continues to improve.
  • Lack of quality control: information may be published from questionable sources.
  • Not everything is available on the Internet.

Last Update: December 20, 2005

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